The topics in this section describe the typical requests that a client driver can send and the device driver interfaces (DDIs) that the client driver must call to create those requests. Developer audience. A client driver for a USB device is a WDF or WDM driver that communicates with the device through DDIs exposed by the USB driver stack.
Access USB Devices on the Web
If I said plainly and simply 'USB', there is a good chance that you will immediately think of keyboards, mice, audio, video, and storage devices. You're right but you'll find other kinds of Universal Serial Bus (USB) devices out there.
We will create a new ruleset number 1000 that includes ruleset number 5 and unhides the necessary device for the jail. Also USB devices need to be owned by the group cups and permission 660. Normally, the cups port/package adds a file in /usr/local/etc/devd to change the group owner and permission when a new USB device is plugged in. I have a Surface Pro (5th Gen) and every time I disconnect then reconnect it to my Surface Dock I get the following error: Unknown USB Device (Port Reset Failed) - driver. I have to remove the device via Windows Settings - Devices. To reinstall I have to go into Device Manager in Control Panel and select 'scan for new hardware.' Because your platform can have both USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 controllers, it's useful to check which controller the USB device is connected to. Follow these steps: Connect a USB 3.0 flash drive (USB Mass Storage Device) to one of the Intel USB 3.0 ports. In Device Manager, click View, and click Devices by connection.
These non-standardized USB devices require hardware vendors to write native drivers and SDKs in order for you (the developer) to take advantage of them. Sadly this native code has historically prevented these devices from being used by the Web. And that's one of the reasons the WebUSB API has been created: to provide a way to expose USB device services to the Web. With this API, hardware manufacturers will be able to build cross-platform JavaScript SDKs for their devices. But most importantly this will make USB safer and easier to use by bringing it to the Web.
Let's see the behavior you could expect with the WebUSB API:
- Buy a USB device.
- Plug it into your computer. A notification appears right away, with the right website to go to for this device.
- Click the notification. The website is there and ready to use!
- Click to connect and a USB device chooser shows up in Chrome where you can pick your device.
Tada!
What would this procedure be like without the WebUSB API?
- Install a platform-specific application.
- If it's even supported on my operating system, verify that I've downloaded the right thing.
- Install the thing. If you're lucky, you'll get no scary OS prompts or popups warning you about installing drivers/applications from the internet. If you're unlucky, the installed drivers or applications malfunction and harm your computer. (Remember, the web is built to contain malfunctioning websites).
- If you only use the feature once, the code stays on your computer until you think to remove it. (On the Web, the space for unused is eventually reclaimed.)
Before I start #
This article assumes you have some basic knowledge of how USB works. If not, I recommend reading USB in a NutShell. For background information about USB, check out the official USB specifications.
The WebUSB API is available in Chrome 61.
Available for origin trials #
In order to get as much feedback as possible from developers using the WebUSB API in the field, we've previously added this feature in Chrome 54 and Chrome 57 as an origin trial.
The latest trial has successfully ended in September 2017.
Privacy and security #
HTTPS only #
Because of this feature's power, it only works on secure contexts. This means you'll need to build with TLS in mind.
User gesture required #
As a security precaution, navigator.usb.requestDevice() may only be called through a user gesture such as a touch or mouse click.
Feature Policy #
A feature policy is a mechanism that allows developers to selectively enable and disable various browser features and APIs. It can be defined via an HTTP header and/or an iframe 'allow' attribute.
You can define a feature policy that controls whether the usb attribute is exposed on the Navigator object, or in other words if you allow WebUSB.
Below is an example of a header policy where WebUSB is not allowed:
Below is another example of a container policy where USB is allowed:
Let's start coding #
The WebUSB API relies heavily on JavaScript Promises. If you're not familiar with them, check out this great Promises tutorial. One more thing, () => {} are simply ECMAScript 2015 Arrow functions.
Get access to USB devices #
You can either prompt the user to select a single connected USB device using navigator.usb.requestDevice() or call navigator.usb.getDevices() to get a list of all connected USB devices the origin has access to.
The navigator.usb.requestDevice() function takes a mandatory JavaScript object that defines filters. These filters are used to match any USB device with the given vendor (vendorId) and, optionally, product (productId) identifiers. The classCode, protocolCode, serialNumber, and subclassCode keys can also be defined there as well.
For instance, here's how to get access to a connected Arduino device configured to allow the origin.
Before you ask, I didn't magically come up with this 0x2341 hexadecimal number. I simply searched for the word 'Arduino' in this List of USB ID's.
The USB device returned in the fulfilled promise above has some basic, yet important information about the device such as the supported USB version, maximum packet size, vendor, and product IDs, the number of possible configurations the device can have. Basically it contains all fields in the device USB Descriptor.
By the way, if a USB device announces its support for WebUSB, as well as defining a landing page URL, Chrome will show a persistent notification when the USB device is plugged in. Clicking this notification will open the landing page.
From there, you can simply call navigator.usb.getDevices() and access your Arduino device as shown below.
Talk to an Arduino USB board #
Okay, now let's see how easy it is to communicate from a WebUSB compatible Arduino board over the USB port. Check out instructions at https://github.com/webusb/arduino to WebUSB-enable your sketches.
Don't worry, I'll cover all the WebUSB device methods mentioned below later in this article.
Please keep in mind that the WebUSB library I'm using here is just implementing one example protocol (based on the standard USB serial protocol) and that manufacturers can create any set and types of endpoints they wish. Control transfers are especially nice for small configuration commands as they get bus priority and have a well defined structure.
And here's the sketch that has been uploaded to the Arduino board.
The third-party WebUSB Arduino library used in the sample code above does basically two things:
- The device acts as a WebUSB device enabling Chrome to read the landing page URL.
- It exposes a WebUSB Serial API that you may use to override the default one.
Look at the JavaScript code again. Once I get the device picked by the user, device.open() runs all platform-specific steps to start a session with the USB device. Then, I have to select an available USB Configuration with device.selectConfiguration(). Remember that a configuration specifies how the device is powered, its maximum power consumption and its number of interfaces. Speaking of interfaces, I also need to request exclusive access with device.claimInterface() since data can only be transferred to an interface or associated endpoints when the interface is claimed. Finally calling device.controlTransferOut() is needed to set up the Arduino device with the appropriate commands to communicate through the WebUSB Serial API.
From there, device.transferIn() performs a bulk transfer onto the device to inform it that the host is ready to receive bulk data. Then, the promise is fulfilled with a result object containing a DataViewdata that has to be parsed appropriately.
If you're familiar with USB, all of this should look pretty familiar.
I want more #
The WebUSB API lets you interact with the all USB transfer/endpoint types:
- CONTROL transfers, used to send or receive configuration or command parameters to a USB device, are handled with
controlTransferIn(setup, length)andcontrolTransferOut(setup, data). - INTERRUPT transfers, used for a small amount of time sensitive data, are handled with the same methods as BULK transfers with
transferIn(endpointNumber, length)andtransferOut(endpointNumber, data). - ISOCHRONOUS transfers, used for streams of data like video and sound, are handled with
isochronousTransferIn(endpointNumber, packetLengths)andisochronousTransferOut(endpointNumber, data, packetLengths). - BULK transfers, used to transfer a large amount of non-time-sensitive data in a reliable way, are handled with
transferIn(endpointNumber, length)andtransferOut(endpointNumber, data).
You may also want to have a look at Mike Tsao's WebLight project which provides a ground-up example of building a USB-controlled LED device designed for the WebUSB API (not using an Arduino here). You'll find hardware, software, and firmware.
Tips #
Debugging USB in Chrome is easier with the internal page chrome://device-log where you can see all USB device related events in one single place.
The internal page chrome://usb-internals also comes in handy and allows you to simulate connection and disconnection of virtual WebUSB devices. This is be useful for doing UI testing without for real hardware.
On most Linux systems, USB devices are mapped with read-only permissions by default. To allow Chrome to open a USB device, you will need to add a new udev rule. Create a file at /etc/udev/rules.d/50-yourdevicename.rules with the following content:
where [yourdevicevendor] is 2341 if your device is an Arduino for instance. ATTR{idProduct} can also be added for a more specific rule. Make sure your user is a member of the plugdev group. Then, just reconnect your device.
Microsoft OS 2.0 Descriptors used by the Arduino examples only work on Windows 8.1 and later. Without that Windows support still requires manual installation of an INF file.
Resources #
- Stack Overflow: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/webusb
- WebUSB API Spec: http://wicg.github.io/webusb/
- Chrome Feature Status: https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5651917954875392
- Spec Issues: https://github.com/WICG/webusb/issues
- Implementation Bugs: http://crbug.com?q=component:Blink>USB
- WebUSB ❤ ️Arduino: https://github.com/webusb/arduino
- IRC: #webusb on W3C's IRC
- WICG Mailing list: https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-wicg/
- WebLight project: https://github.com/sowbug/weblight
Please share your WebUSB demos with the #webusb hashtag.
Acknowledgements #
Thanks to Joe Medley for reviewing this article.
[2020 Updated] Download USB Drivers for Any Android (Samsung/ Motorola /Sony/ LG/ HTC/ ASUS/ Huawei and others): .Here we are sharing all the latest Android USB Drivers for Windows and Mac. You can download them from the download section below and install them on your PC or Mac
USB Drivers are one of the must-have tools to be installed on your PC or Mac. Because of that, your mobile device interacts with your PC.These work as Bridge between your Phone and your computer. The USB drivers help us to connect our phone to the computer and perform tasks like transferring data, syncing your device with a PC. They help us to connect our Android devices to tools like Odin, Sony Flash tool, and SuperOneClick.
Below, we are sharing the links to USB drivers for most of the popular Android device manufacturers like Samsung, LG, Sony, Google, HTC, Motorola, Dell, etc. These USB drivers are safe to use as they are from their respective manufacturers. All the links are valid and official. We recommend you to download the latest USB drivers
[note type=”important”]It is highly recommended to Enable USB debugging on android smartphones before performing any task in the fastboot mode. [/note]Download USB Drivers for Android
Samsung USB Drivers
| Latest Samsung Drivers | Download |
| Download Latest Samsung Kies | Download |
| Samsung Android ADB Interface Driver v2.9.510.0 | Download |
OnePlus USB Drivers
| Latest OnePlus USB Drivers (Windows and Mac) | Download |
For MediaTek VCOM Driver
| MediaTek VCOM MTK Drivers (Updated) | Download |
Motorola USB Driver
| Latest Motorola USB Drivers (Win & Mac) | Download |
Google USB Drivers
| Latest Google USB Drivers | Download |
HTC USB Drivers
| Latest HTC USB Drivers 4.17.0.001 | Download |
| HTC Sync Manager | Download |
Sony USB Drivers
| Latest Sony USB Drivers | Download |
| Sony PC Companion | Download |
| Sony Bridge for Mac | Download |
LG USB Drivers
| Latest LG USB Drivers | Download |
| LG Flash and LG UP Tool | Download |
| LG UpperCut Tool | Download |
- LG United Drivers for Verizon | Mirror
Dell USB Drivers
| Latest Dell USB Drivers | Download |
Go to the link and choose your mobile device or tablet to download the specific version USB drivers.
Intel Android USB Drivers
| Latest Intell Android USB Drivers | Download |
ZTE USB Drivers
| Latest ZTE USB Drivers | Download |
LeEco USB Drivers
| Latest LeEco USB Drivers | Download |
ASUS USB Drivers
| Download Asus PC suite PC Link (drivers included) | Download |
Huawei USB Drivers
| Latest Huawei USB Drivers | Download (Check below) |
- Download HiSuite (drivers included) || Windows | Mac
Acer USB Drivers
| Latest Acer USB Drivers | Download |
Sharp USB Drivers
Amazon USB Drivers
| Latest Amazon USB Drivers | Download |
Pantech USB Drivers
| Latest Pantech USB Drivers (PC Suit) | Download |
XIAOMI USB Drivers
- Download Mi Phone Manager (PC Suite) | Mirror
Lenovo USB Drivers
| Latest Lenovo USB Drivers | Download |
Micromax USB Drivers
| Latest Micromax USB Drivers | Download |
Video Guide: Enable Developer Options, USB Debugging and OEM Unlock On Android
[note type=”important”]Usb Config Port Devices Driver Free
In case the above drivers do not work for you, do as described below:
- Go to the official site of the manufacturer
- Type the name and model of your device in the search box.
- Select your device and click the Support tab/button.
- You will get the download link for the specific USB Drivers for your device.
- Download the drivers and install onto your computer. [/note]
Usb Config Port Devices Driver Download
If you have any question, feel free to ask in the comment below.
Usb Config Port Devices Driver Windows 10
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